Python Turtle Commands and All Methods

Introduction

In this tutorial, we are going to learn about the python turtle commands and methods which we are using in the python turtle programming where Turtle is a python library that is used in creating games, pictures, and graphic images.

If you have used Python Turtle a little bit, you may have observed that there are many commands i.e. methods. Those commands start from basic to advanced and we should learn at least basic Python turtle commands and methods to draw something using Python Turtle.

Here is the list of Python Turtle Commands and methods we are going to see in detail-

Method	Description
showturtle()	Makes the python turtle visible on the window screen.
hideturtle()	Makes the python turtle invisible on the window screen.
home()	Moves the turtle to the center of the screen and points the turtle to the east.
clear()	Erases all the drawings of the turtle while it does change the turtle’s state.
pencolor()	Returns the current color of the turtle
setheading()	Points to the turtle object in the specified direction
shape()	Set the shape of the turtle
position()	The turtle’s current position(x,y) can be found using the position() command.
goto()	Move the turtle from the current position to the given location i.e x,y
begin_fill()	It just starts the filing operation in the turtle
end_fill()	Fill the shape that is drawn after the last call to begin_fill()
fillcolor()	Set the fillcolor or return the fillcolor
dot()	Takes the size and the color as the parameters, draws the dot accordingly
window_width()	Returns the width of the current window in pixel format
up()	Makes Pen up and draw nothing on the screen until the down() command is called.
down()	Puts the pen down on the screen and starts to draw while moving.
forward()	Moves the turtle forward by the distance provided
backward()	Moves the turtle backward by the distance provided
color()	Changes the color of the turtle, default is black
left()	Changes the direction of the turtle counterclockwise by the specified angle provided
right()	Changes the direction of the turtle clockwise by the specified angle provided
pensize()	Increases or decreases the size of the pen while drawing

Python Turtle Commands and Methods

Now, we will see all Python Turtle commands i.e. all methods one by one.

Python Turtle commands showturtle()

Syntax

turtle.showturtle()

The showturtle() command makes the python turtle visible on the window screen.

Example

import turtle
turtle.showturtle()
turtle.done()

Output

Python Turtle commands hideturtle()

Syntax

turtle.hideturtle()

The hideturtle() command makes the python turtle invisible on the window screen.

Example

import turtle
turtle.pencolor("red")
turtle.forward(50)
turtle.hideturtle()
turtle.done()

Output

Python Turtle commands home()

Syntax

turtle.home()

The home() command moves the turtle to the center of the screen and points the turtle to the east.

Example

import turtle
turtle.pencolor("red")
turtle.forward(50)
turtle.home()
turtle.done()

Output

Python Turtle clear() Method

Syntax

turtle.clear()

The clear() method erases all the drawings of the turtle while it does change the turtle’s state.

Example

import turtle
turtle.pencolor("red")
turtle.forward(50)
turtle.clear()
turtle.done()

Output

Python Turtle pencolor() method

Syntax

turtle.pencolor(string)

The pencolor() method returns the current color of the turtle when the arguments are not provided. The command changes the pencolor of the turtle to the specified RGB value of the specified string.

Example

import turtle
turtle.pencolor("red")
turtle.forward(30)
turtle.done()

Output

Python Turtle setheading() method

Syntax

turtle.setheading(degrees)

It points the turtle object in the specified direction. It is specified in degrees where 0 degrees is East, 90 degrees is north, 180 degrees is north and 270 degrees is south.

Example

import turtle
turtle.pencolor("red")
turtle.forward(50)
turtle.setheading(90)
turtle.done()

Output

Python Turtle shape() method

Syntax

turtle.shape("name of shape")

The shape() method in python programming language is used to set the shape of the turtle. In case the name of shape is not provided then it returns a default shape of the turtle. The name of shape accepts parameters such as circle, square, triangle, classic, and arrow.

Example

import turtle
turtle.shape("square")
turtle.pencolor("red")
turtle.forward(50)
turtle.done()

Output

Python Turtle position() method

Syntax

turtle.position()

The turtle’s current position(x,y) can be found using the position() method.

Example

import turtle
print(turtle.position())
turtle.done()

Output

Python Turtle goto() method

Syntax

turtle.goto(x,y)

The goto() command of the turtle is used to move the turtle from the current position to the given location i.e x,y along with the shortest linear path between the two locations where x and y are the coordinates of the screen.

Example

import turtle
turtle.goto(180,90)
turtle.done()

Output

Python Turtle begin_fill() method

Syntax

turtle.begin_fill() 

The begin_fill() command does not take arguments. It just starts the filing operation in the turtle. It needs to be called just before the drawing of the shape or the pattern.

Example

import turtle
turtle.color("red")
turtle.begin_fill()
turtle.circle(50)
turtle.end_fill()
turtle.done()

Output

Python Turtle Commands end_fill()

Syntax

turtle.end_fill()

The end_fill() command does not take any arguments. This command is used to fill the shape that is drawn after the last call to begin_fill().

Example

import turtle
turtle.color("red")
turtle.begin_fill()
turtle.circle(50)
turtle.end_fill()
turtle.done()

Output

Python Turtle Commands fillcolor()

Syntax

turtle.fillcolor(*args)

The fillcolor() command is used to set the fillcolor or return the fillcolor. Suppose the turtle shape is square or polygon we can set the shape’s interior color with any valid color given in a color mode.

Example

import turtle
turtle.fillcolor("red")
turtle.begin_fill()
turtle.circle(50)
turtle.end_fill()
turtle.done()

Output

Python Turtle Commands dot()

Syntax

turtle.dot(size, *color)

This dot() command takes the size and the color as the parameters to draw a circular dot of the size provided and with the specified color at the current position.

Example

import turtle
turtle.dot(40,"green")
turtle.hideturtle()
turtle.done()

Output

Python Turtle window_width() method

Syntax

turtle.window_width()

The window_width() is the method that does not require the argument. This method is used to return the width of the current window in pixel format.

Example

import turtle
print(turtle.window_width())
turtle.done()

Output

Python Turtle up() method

Syntax

turtle.up()

The up() method functions to put the pen up and draw nothing on the screen until the down() command is called. Hence this command stops all the drawings.

Example

import turtle
turtle.begin_fill()
turtle.circle(50)
turtle.end_fill()
turtle.up()
turtle.forward(60)
turtle.done()

Output

Python turtle down() method

Syntax

turtle.down()

The down() method is used to put the pen down on the screen and starts to draw while moving.

Example

import turtle
turtle.begin_fill()
turtle.circle(50)
turtle.end_fill()
turtle.down()
turtle.forward(60)
turtle.done()

Output

Python Turtle forward() method

Syntax

turtle.forward(distance)

This forward() method is used to move the turtle forward by the distance provided, where the direction of the turtle is headed. The distance parameter takes by how much distance the turtle will move ahead.

Example

import turtle
turtle.forward(80)
turtle.left(90)
turtle.forward(50)
turtle.done()

Output

Python Turtle backward() method

Syntax

turtle.backward(distance)

This backward() method is used to move the turtle backward by the distance provided i.e in the opposite direction of the turtle headed. The distance parameter takes by how much distance the turtle will move backward.

Example

import turtle
turtle.forward(80)
turtle.backward(50)
turtle.done()

Output

Python Turtle color() method

Syntax

turtle.color(*args)

The color() method of the python takes the default color as “black”. The args parameter is used to change the color of the turtle.

Example

import turtle
turtle.color("red")
turtle.circle(50)
turtle.done()

Output

Python Turtle left() method

Syntax

turtle.left(angle)

The left() method is used to change the direction of the turtle counterclockwise by the specified angle provided. The angle parameter is required which mentions by what angle the turtle is moved left.

Example

import turtle
turtle.forward(80)
turtle.left(90)
turtle.forward(90)
turtle.done()

Output

Python Turtle right() method

Syntax

turtle.right(angle)

The right() method is used to change the direction of the turtle clockwise by the specified angle provided. The angle parameter is required which mentions by what angle the turtle is moved right.

Example

import turtle
turtle.forward(80)
turtle.right(90)
turtle.forward(90)
turtle.done()

Output

Python Turtle pensize() method

Syntax

turtle.pensize(size)

The pensize() method of the python turtle helps to increase or decrease the size of the pen while drawing. The size parameter gives the size of the pen we want to draw.

Example

import turtle
turtle.color("blue")
turtle.pensize(4)
turtle.forward(90)
turtle.left(30)
turtle.forward(50)
turtle.done()

Output

Conclusion

Here, we have covered a most of the important python turtle commands and methods that are required while doing python turtle programming.

Thank you for reading this article.

We hope this article on Python Turtle Commands and All Methods will Helps you.

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