GUI Number Guessing Game in Java

   December 9, 2022
GUI Number Guessing Game in Java

In this article, we will create a simple Number Guessing Game in Java. This game is simple yet helpful in setting the foundation for logic building in app development.

Project Overview: Number Guessing Game in Java

Project Name:Number Guessing Game in Java
Abstract:It’s a GUI-based project used with the swing library to organize all the elements that work under the Number Guessing Game.
Language Used:Java
IDE:VS Code
Java version (Recommended):Java SE 18.0. 2.1
Database:None
Type:Desktop Application
Recommended for:Beginners of Java
Time to build:1-2 hour

Features

  • A secret number is generated in the range of 1 to 5
  • If the player guesses the number on the first attempt, the score increases by 5.
  • If guessed correctly on the second attempt then +2 otherwise +1.
  • The current score, Highest Sore, and Number of Rounds played are displayed

Complete Code for Number Guessing Game in Java:

Create a folder for the project and a file with the name Game.java. Download the images for the project from here. Now, Create three files with the names current_score.txt, high_score.txt, and num_game.txt, and keep these files in the same folder. The folder structure should be something like this.

folder structure

Now paste the below lines of code into the file Game.java to create Number Guessing Game in Java. Comments are provided for explanation.

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.border.EmptyBorder;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Scanner;
class Play extends JPanel {
    // Declaring the Game class for changing the scene
    final Game game;
    RandomNumber randomNumber = new RandomNumber();
    ScoringSystem scoringSystem = new ScoringSystem();
    ScoreFiles scoreFiles = new ScoreFiles();
    public Play(Game game){
        this.game = game;
        // Layout to be used in this panel
        BoxLayout boxlayout = new BoxLayout(this, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS);
        this.setLayout(boxlayout);
        createGUI();
    }
    void createGUI() {
        // Declare the variables needed
        JLabel playScore, gameText, mysteryNumber, statusImage;
        JButton continueButton, enterButton;
        JTextField inputText;
        JPanel gridPanel;
        int random = randomNumber.generateNumber();
        // Setting up and Display the Score in the Current Game
        playScore = new JLabel("Score: " + scoreFiles.intScore("current_score.txt") + "   Games: " + scoreFiles.intScore("num_game.txt"));
        playScore.setFont(new Font("MV Boli", Font.BOLD, 24));
        playScore.setForeground(new Color(253,233,180));
        playScore.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(20,0,0,0));
        playScore.setAlignmentX(CENTER_ALIGNMENT);
        add(playScore);
        gameText = new JLabel("Guess the Number");
        gameText.setForeground(new Color(253,233,180));
        gameText.setFont(new Font("Ink Free", Font.BOLD, 30));
        gameText.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(30,0,0,0));
        gameText.setAlignmentX(CENTER_ALIGNMENT);
        add(gameText);
        JLabel gameText2 = new JLabel("between 1 and 5");
        gameText2.setForeground(new Color(253,233,180));
        gameText2.setFont(new Font("Ink Free", Font.BOLD, 30));
        gameText2.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(5,0,0,0));
        gameText2.setAlignmentX(CENTER_ALIGNMENT);
        add(gameText2);
        mysteryNumber = new JLabel("?");
        mysteryNumber.setIcon(new ImageIcon("mystery_square.png"));
        mysteryNumber.setHorizontalTextPosition(JLabel.CENTER);
        mysteryNumber.setFont(new Font("MV Boli", Font.BOLD, 100));
        mysteryNumber.setForeground(new Color(0X62355F));
        mysteryNumber.setAlignmentX(CENTER_ALIGNMENT);
        add(mysteryNumber);
        statusImage = new JLabel("Input a number");
        statusImage.setForeground(new Color(253,233,180));
        statusImage.setFont(new Font("MV Boli", Font.BOLD, 30));
        statusImage.setAlignmentX(CENTER_ALIGNMENT);
        statusImage.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(-10, 0, 15, 0));
        add(statusImage);
        gridPanel = new JPanel();
        gridPanel.setMaximumSize(new Dimension(260, 50));
        gridPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(0, 10, 0, 0));
        gridPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(0, 2));
        gridPanel.setOpaque(false);
        inputText = new JTextField();
        inputText.setBorder(javax.swing.BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder());
        inputText.setBackground(new Color(253,233,180));
        inputText.setForeground(new Color(0X62355F));
        inputText.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.CENTER);
        inputText.setFont(new Font("MV Boli", Font.BOLD, 28));
        gridPanel.add(inputText);
        enterButton = new JButton("Enter");
        enterButton.setForeground(new Color(0X62355F));
        enterButton.setFont(new Font("MV Boli", Font.BOLD, 25));
        enterButton.setBackground(new Color(253,233,170));
        enterButton.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(0, 0, 0, 0));
        enterButton.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.CENTER);
        enterButton.setCursor(new Cursor(Cursor.HAND_CURSOR));
        gridPanel.add(enterButton);
        add(gridPanel);
        continueButton = new JButton("Continue Playing?");
        continueButton.setForeground(new Color(0X62355F));
        continueButton.setBackground(new Color(253,233,180));
        continueButton.setFont(new Font("MV Boli", Font.BOLD, 20));
        continueButton.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(250, 50));
        continueButton.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(new Color(125, 95, 123), 3));
        continueButton.setCursor(new Cursor(Cursor.HAND_CURSOR));
        continueButton.setAlignmentX(CENTER_ALIGNMENT);
        continueGame(continueButton);
        add(continueButton);
        
        JButton backButton1 = new JButton("Back to Menu");
        backButton1.setFont(new Font("MV Boli", Font.BOLD, 20));
        backButton1.setForeground(new Color(0X62355F));
        backButton1.setBackground(new Color(253,233,180));
        backButton1.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(200, 50));
        backButton1.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(new Color(125, 95, 123), 3));
        backButton1.setCursor(new Cursor(Cursor.HAND_CURSOR));
        backButton1.setAlignmentX(CENTER_ALIGNMENT);
        linkMenu(backButton1);
        add(backButton1);
        // When user click the enter button
        enterButton.addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
                changeStatus(inputText, mysteryNumber, random, statusImage, gridPanel, continueButton, backButton1);
            }
        });
        // When user hits the button key while inputting in text field
        inputText.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                changeStatus(inputText, mysteryNumber, random, statusImage, gridPanel, continueButton, backButton1);
            }
        });
    }
    public void linkMenu(JButton jLabel){
        jLabel.addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
                int dialogResult = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null, "Want to Stop the Game?", "Are you Sure", JOptionPane.YES_NO_OPTION);
                if(dialogResult == 0) {
                    // Insert the current score and number of games played to High Score when quiting the game
                    scoreFiles.compareScore("high_score.txt", "current_score.txt", "num_game.txt");
                    game.showView(new Menu(game));
                }
            }
        });
    }
    // Method to continue a game
    public void continueGame(JButton jLabel){
        jLabel.addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
                game.showView(new Play(game));
            }
        });
    }
    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        g.drawImage(new ImageIcon("background.png").getImage(), 0, 0, null);
    }
    void changeStatus(JTextField input, JLabel mysterynum, int randnum, JLabel status, JPanel gridPanel, JButton contButton, JButton backButton){
        if (String.valueOf(randnum).equals(input.getText())) {
            status.setText("Correct!");
            status.setFont(new Font("MV Boli", Font.BOLD, 30));
            status.setForeground(new Color(253,233,180));
            status.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(200, 50));
            mysterynum.setText(input.getText());  // Change the value of ? to the number
            
            gridPanel.setVisible(false); //Hide the Panel with the enter button and text field
            
            contButton.setVisible(true); // Set and Show the continue button (for playing again)
            scoringSystem.scoreAttempt();
            scoreFiles.write("current_score.txt", scoreFiles.intScore("current_score.txt") + scoringSystem.getScore()); // Set how many games played continuously
            scoreFiles.write("num_game.txt", scoreFiles.intScore("num_game.txt") + 1);
            
        } else {
            try {
                // Convert the user input number (string) to int
                int textToInt = Integer.parseInt(input.getText());
                // Comparing the user input to the random number
                if(textToInt > 5 || textToInt < 1) {
                    // If the user input higher than 50 and lower than 1, executed this block of code
                    status.setText("Out of Range");
                    status.setFont(new Font("MV Boli", Font.BOLD, 30));
                    status.setForeground(new Color(253,233,180));
                    status.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(200, 50));
                } else if (textToInt > randnum ){
                    // If the user input higher than random number, executed this block of code
                    status.setText("Too High!! Try Again");
                    status.setFont(new Font("MV Boli", Font.BOLD, 30));
                    status.setForeground(new Color(253,233,180));
                    status.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(200, 50));
                } else if(textToInt < randnum){
                    // If the user input lower than random number, executed this block of code
                    status.setText("Too Low!! Try Again");
                    status.setFont(new Font("MV Boli", Font.BOLD, 30));
                    status.setForeground(new Color(253,233,180));
                    status.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(200, 50));
                }
            } catch (NumberFormatException ex) {
                status.setText("Enter a Number");
                status.setFont(new Font("MV Boli", Font.BOLD, 30));
                status.setForeground(new Color(253,233,180));
                status.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(200, 50));
            }
        }
        input.setText("");
        scoringSystem.incrementAttempt();
    }
}
class ScoringSystem {
    int score, attempts;
    public ScoringSystem() {
        this.attempts = 1;
    }
    public int getScore() {
        return score;
    }
    public int getAttempts() {
        return attempts;
    }
    public void scoreAttempt(){
        if(this.attempts == 1)
            this.score += 5;
        else if(this.attempts == 2)
            this.score += 2;
        else
            this.score++;
    }
    public void incrementAttempt(){
        this.attempts++;
    }
}
class ScoreFiles {
    public String showScore(String filename){
        String score = "0";
        try{
            File text = new File(filename);
            Scanner scan = new Scanner(text);
            score = scan.nextLine();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return score;
    }
    public String showGames(String filename){
        String attempt = "0";
        try{
            File text = new File(filename);
            Scanner scan = new Scanner(text);
            scan.nextLine();
            attempt = scan.nextLine();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return attempt;
    }
    // Convert the showScore method to int
    public int intScore(String filename){
        return Integer.parseInt(showScore(filename));
    }
    // Convert the showsGames method to int
    public int intGames(String filename){
        return Integer.parseInt(showGames(filename));
    }
    // Used in current_score.txt and num_game.txt
    public void write(String filename, int score){
        try{
            FileWriter score_writer = new FileWriter(filename);
            score_writer.write(String.valueOf(score));
            score_writer.close();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    // Overwrites the text file
    // Used in high_score.txt
    public void writeScoreAttempts(String filename, int score, int attemtps){
        try{
            FileWriter score_writer = new FileWriter(filename);
            score_writer.write(String.valueOf(score));
            score_writer.write("\n");
            score_writer.write(String.valueOf(attemtps));
            score_writer.close();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    // Compare the score if it is a high score
    public void compareScore(String high_score, String current_score, String current_played_games){
        if (intScore(high_score) < intScore(current_score)){
            writeScoreAttempts(high_score, intScore(current_score), intScore(current_played_games));
        }
        else if(intScore(high_score) == intScore(current_score)){
            if (intGames(high_score) > intScore(current_played_games)){
                writeScoreAttempts(high_score, intScore(current_score), intScore(current_played_games));
            }
        }
    }
}
class RandomNumber {
    final int min = 1, max = 5;
    // Generate a Random Number between 1 and 5
    public int generateNumber(){
        return (int)Math.floor(Math.random()*(max-min+1)+min);
    }
}
class Menu extends JPanel {
    final Game game;
    ScoreFiles scoreFiles = new ScoreFiles();
    public Menu(Game game){
        this.game = game;
        BoxLayout boxlayout = new BoxLayout(this, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS);
        this.setLayout(boxlayout);
        createGUI();
    }
    public void createGUI(){
        JLabel logoImage, scoreLabel, scoreText, playButton;
        logoImage = new JLabel("Guess the Number", JLabel.CENTER);
        logoImage.setFont(new Font("MV Boli", Font.BOLD, 33));
        logoImage.setForeground(new Color(253,233,180));
        logoImage.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(100, 0, 0, 0));
        logoImage.setAlignmentX(CENTER_ALIGNMENT);
        add(logoImage);
        scoreLabel = new JLabel("High Score", JLabel.CENTER);
        scoreLabel.setFont(new Font("Ink Free", Font.BOLD, 45));
        scoreLabel.setForeground(new Color(253,233,180));
        scoreLabel.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(85, 0, 0, 0));
        scoreLabel.setAlignmentX(CENTER_ALIGNMENT);
        add(scoreLabel);
        scoreText = new JLabel(scoreFiles.showScore("high_score.txt") + " points for " + scoreFiles.showGames("high_score.txt") + " games");
        scoreText.setFont(new Font("MV Boli", Font.BOLD, 18));
        scoreText.setForeground(new Color(253,233,180));
        scoreText.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(10,0,0,0));
        scoreText.setAlignmentX(CENTER_ALIGNMENT);
        add(scoreText);
        playButton = new JLabel(new ImageIcon("start.png"));
        playButton.setBorder(new EmptyBorder(60, 0, 0, 0));
        playButton.setCursor(new Cursor(Cursor.HAND_CURSOR));
        playButton.setAlignmentX(CENTER_ALIGNMENT);
        linkPlay(playButton);
        add(playButton);
    }
    public void linkPlay(JLabel jLabel){
        jLabel.addMouseListener(new MouseAdapter() {
            @Override
            public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
                // Set the data inside to zero
                scoreFiles.write("current_score.txt", 0);
                scoreFiles.write("num_game.txt", 0);
                game.showView(new Play(game));
            }
        });
    }
    // For changing the background of JPanel
    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        g.drawImage(new ImageIcon("background.png").getImage(), 0, 0, null);
    }
}
class Game extends JFrame {
    JPanel viewPanel;
    public Game() {
        // Initialize the viewPanel the moment Game Class is called
        viewPanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
        // Setting up the Game
        this.setTitle("Guess the Number"); // Title
        this.setPreferredSize(new Dimension(350, 660)); // Dimension
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE); // Close the Application when clicking x
        this.add(viewPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER); // Add the JPanel in this frame
        showView(new Menu(this));
        this.setVisible(true); // To view the window
        this.pack(); // To size the components(button, img) optimally
        this.setResizable(false); // To avoid resizing the window
        this.setLocationRelativeTo(null); // To set the window in the center
    }
    public void showView(JPanel jPanel){
        viewPanel.removeAll();
        viewPanel.add(jPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        viewPanel.revalidate();
        viewPanel.repaint();
    }
}
class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Game();
    }
}
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Output for Number Guessing Game in Java:

Image Output:

output 1
output 2
output 3

Video Output:

Video Player

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Author: Ayush Purawr