
In this article, we are going to create To Do List in C++ with the help of file handling. By using file handling we can persist the data even when we close the program and re-run it, which means we will be able to view the tasks even when we restart the program.
Features
- The user can add a new task
- Update the existing task
- Delete a task from the list of todo
- View all the tasks
- All the data is preserved as we use file handling
Complete Code for To Do List in C++
We will use Code::Blocks IDE to develop this application. Open the Code::Blocks IDE and create a new project with the name todo, now in the main.cpp file paste the following code and run it.
#include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include<string> #include <cstdlib> using namespace std; int ID; //custom type todo which has two fields id and task struct todo { int id; string task; }; //this method is used to add a new task to the list of tasks void addtodo() { system("cls"); cout<<"\t\t\t***********************************************************************"<<endl; cout<<"\t\t\t WELCOME TO Your ToDo List "<<endl; cout<<"\t\t\t***********************************************************************"<<endl<<endl<<endl; todo todo; cout << "\n\tEnter new task: "; cin.get(); getline(cin, todo.task); //get user input ID++; //increment id for the current task //now write this task to the todo.txt file ofstream write; write.open("todo.txt", ios::app); write << "\n" << ID; write << "\n" << todo.task ; write.close(); //write the id to a new file so that we can use this id later to add new task write.open("id.txt"); write << ID; write.close(); char ch; cout<<"Do you want to add more task? y/n"<<endl; cin>> ch; //if user wants to add a new task again then call the same function else return if(ch == 'y'){ addtodo(); } else{ cout << "\n\tTask has been added successfully"; return; } } // this method is used to print the task on the screen void print(todo s) { cout << "\n\tID is : " << s.id; cout << "\n\tTask is : " << s.task; } //This method is used to read data from the todo.txt file and print it on screen void readData() { system("cls"); cout<<"\t\t\t***********************************************************************"<<endl; cout<<"\t\t\t WELCOME TO Your ToDo List "<<endl; cout<<"\t\t\t***********************************************************************"<<endl<<endl<<endl; todo todo; ifstream read; read.open("todo.txt"); cout << "\n\t------------------Your current Tasks in the list--------------------"; // while we dont reach the end of file keep on printing the data on screen while (!read.eof()) { read >> todo.id; read.ignore(); getline(read, todo.task); print(todo); } read.close(); } //this method is used to search for a specific task from the todo.txt file int searchData() { system("cls"); cout<<"\t\t\t***********************************************************************"<<endl; cout<<"\t\t\t WELCOME TO Your ToDo List "<<endl; cout<<"\t\t\t***********************************************************************"<<endl<<endl<<endl; int id; cout << "\n\tEnter task id: "; cin >> id; todo todo; ifstream read; read.open("todo.txt"); //while we dont reach end of file keep or searching for the id to match to the user input id while (!read.eof()) { read >> todo.id; read.ignore(); getline(read, todo.task); if (todo.id == id) { print(todo); return id; } } } // this method is used to delete the task from the todo.txt file void deleteData() { system("cls"); cout<<"\t\t\t***********************************************************************"<<endl; cout<<"\t\t\t WELCOME TO Your ToDo List "<<endl; cout<<"\t\t\t***********************************************************************"<<endl<<endl<<endl; int id = searchData(); cout << "\n\tDo you want to delete this task (y/n) : "; char choice; cin >> choice; if (choice == 'y') { todo todo; ofstream tempFile; tempFile.open("temp.txt"); ifstream read; read.open("todo.txt"); //while we dont reach the end of file keep on searching for the id to delete the task while (!read.eof()) { read >> todo.id; read.ignore(); getline(read, todo.task); if (todo.id != id) { tempFile << "\n" << todo.id; tempFile << "\n" << todo.task; } } read.close(); tempFile.close(); remove("todo.txt"); rename("temp.txt", "todo.txt"); cout << "\n\tTask deleted successfuly"; } else { cout << "\n\tRecord not deleted"; } } //this method is used to update the task //here we create a new temp.txt file and add all the updated data to this file //once updated we then delete the original todo.txt and then rename this file to todo.txt void updateData() { system("cls"); cout<<"\t\t\t***********************************************************************"<<endl; cout<<"\t\t\t WELCOME TO Your ToDo List "<<endl; cout<<"\t\t\t***********************************************************************"<<endl<<endl<<endl; int id = searchData(); cout << "\n\tYou want to update this task (y/n) : "; char choice; cin >> choice; if (choice == 'y') { todo newData; cout << "\n\tEnter todo task : "; cin.get(); getline(cin, newData.task); todo todo; ofstream tempFile; tempFile.open("temp.txt"); ifstream read; read.open("todo.txt"); //while we dont reach end of file keep on searching for the id and once found update with new data while (!read.eof()) { read >> todo.id; read.ignore(); getline(read, todo.task); if (todo.id != id) { tempFile << "\n" << todo.id; tempFile << "\n" << todo.task; } else { tempFile << "\n"<< todo.id; tempFile << "\n"<< newData.task; } } read.close(); tempFile.close(); remove("todo.txt"); rename("temp.txt", "todo.txt"); cout << "\n\tTask updated successfuly"; } else { cout << "\n\tRecord not deleted"; } } int main() { system("cls"); system("Color E0"); // "Color XY", X - backgroung color, Y - text color system("title todoapp @copyassignment"); cout<<"\t\t\t***********************************************************************"<<endl; cout<<"\t\t\t* *"<<endl; cout<<"\t\t\t* WELCOME TO Your ToDo List *"<<endl; cout<<"\t\t\t* *"<<endl; cout<<"\t\t\t***********************************************************************"<<endl<<endl<<endl<<endl; ifstream read; read.open("id.txt"); if (!read.fail()) { read >> ID; } else { ID = 0; } read.close(); while (true) { cout<<endl<<endl; cout << "\n\t1.Add student data"; cout << "\n\t2.See student data"; cout << "\n\t3.Search student data"; cout << "\n\t4.Delete student data"; cout << "\n\t5.Update student data"; int choice; cout << "\n\tEnter choice : "; cin >> choice; switch (choice) { case 1: addtodo(); break; case 2: readData(); break; case 3: searchData(); break; case 4: deleteData(); break; case 5: updateData(); break; } } }
Output for To Do list in C++
Image Output:

Video Output:
Conclusion
In this article, we learned how to build a To Do List in C++ by using file handling. File handling is an important concept in any programming language and you must learn it if you are trying to learn a language. I hope this was easy to follow and you learned something valuable from this article.
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