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Snake Game in C++

Ayush Purawr January 16, 2023

Snake Game in C++

Hello everyone, in this article we are going to create Snake Game in C++. This will be a simple console-based application in which the player can play the snake game like we usually play in our mobile application.

Features of snake game in C++

The player will be able to move the snake in four directions by pressing the up, down, left, and right keys
The snake has to eat the food to get a score and it grows as it keeps on eating the food.
The snake must not hit the wall or its own tail, if it does then the snake dies, and the game is over.
After the game is over, the player can hit enter again to replay.
On pressing the space bar key, the game can be paused.
The current score count is updated as the snake eats the food

Complete Code for Snake Game in C++

We will use Code::Blocks IDE to develop this application. Open the Code::Blocks IDE and create a new project with the name snakegame, now in the main.cpp file paste the following code and run it.

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<ctype.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<windows.h>
#include<time.h>
#include<string.h>
#define LEFT 1
#define RIGHT 2
#define UP 3
#define DOWN 4

//This method is used to provide a particular color to elements
void textcolor(int fc,int bc=-1){
	if(fc<0 || fc>15)
		return;
	HANDLE h;
	h = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
	if(bc>=0 && bc<16)
		SetConsoleTextAttribute(h,fc|bc*16);
	else
		SetConsoleTextAttribute(h,fc);
}

//This method is used to provide a particular color to elements
void textcolor(char *fc,char *bc=""){
	int x,y=16;
	char *colors[]={"Black","Blue","Green","Aqua","Red","Purple","Yellow","White","Gray",
	"LightBlue","LightGreen","LightAqua","LightRed","LightPurple","LightYellow","BrightWhite"};
	for(x=0;x<16;x++)
		if(strcmpi(colors[x],fc)==0)
			break;
	if(strlen(bc)>0)
		for(y=0;y<16;y++)
			if(strcmpi(colors[y],bc)==0)
				break;
	textcolor(x,y);
}

//This method is used to provide a particular color to elements
void textcolor(char *fc,int bc){
	int x;
	char *colors[]={"Black","Blue","Green","Aqua","Red","Purple","Yellow","White","Gray",
	"LightBlue","LightGreen","LightAqua","LightRed","LightPurple","LightYellow","BrightWhite"};
	for(x=0;x<16;x++)
		if(strcmpi(colors[x],fc)==0)
			break;
	textcolor(x,bc);
}

//This method is used to provide a particular color to elements
void textcolor(int fc,char *bc){
	int y;
	char *colors[]={"Black","Blue","Green","Aqua","Red","Purple","Yellow","White","Gray",
	"LightBlue","LightGreen","LightAqua","LightRed","LightPurple","LightYellow","BrightWhite"};
	if(strlen(bc)>0)
		for(y=0;y<16;y++)
			if(strcmpi(colors[y],bc)==0)
				break;
	textcolor(fc,y);
}

//This method is used to set the position to a particular coordinate
void gotoxy(int x, int y)
{
 COORD coord;
 coord.X = x;
 coord.Y = y;
 SetConsoleCursorPosition(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), coord);
}

//This method is used to draw the texts on the screen
void getup(){
	HANDLE hout;
	CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO cursor;
	hout = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
	cursor.dwSize=1;
	cursor.bVisible=false;
	SetConsoleCursorInfo(hout, &cursor);
	system("mode con:cols=80 lines=25");
	system("title Snake Game");
	system("cls");
	textcolor("Yellow");
	printf("\n  %c",218);
	int x;
	for(x=0;x<75;x++)
		printf("%c",196);
	printf("%c  ",191);
	for(x=0;x<17;x++){
		gotoxy(2,x+2);
		printf("%c",179);
		gotoxy(78,x+2);
		printf("%c ",179);
	}
	printf("  %c",192);
	for(x=0;x<75;x++)
		printf("%c",196);
	printf("%c  ",217);
	printf(" %c",218);
	for(x=0;x<21;x++)
	printf("%c",196);
	printf("%c\n",191);
	printf("  %cPress Enter to Replay%c\n",179,179);
	printf("  %c",192);
	for(x=0;x<21;x++)
		printf("%c",196);
	printf("%c",217);

	gotoxy(59,20);
	printf("%c",218);
	for(x=0;x<18;x++)
		printf("%c",196);
	printf("%c",191);
	gotoxy(59,21);
	printf("%c SCORE : 100      %c",179,179);
	gotoxy(59,22);
	printf("%c STATUS: Playing  %c",179,179);
	gotoxy(59,23);
	printf("%c",192);
	for(x=0;x<18;x++)
		printf("%c",196);
	printf("%c",217);
	gotoxy(32,21);
	printf("Eat the food #");
	gotoxy(32,22);
	printf("Press 'space' to Pause");
	textcolor(7);
}

//This method is used to update the score variable on the right side down screen
void score(int sc){
	gotoxy(69,21);
	printf("%6d",sc*10);
}

//This method is used to update the status variable which is initially set to playing on the right side down screen
void status(char *s,int c=7){
	gotoxy(69,22);
	textcolor(c);
	int x;
	for(x=0;x<strlen(s);x++)
		printf("%c",s[x]);
	for(;x<8;x++)
		printf(" ");
	textcolor(7);
}

// This is the main method, the program starts from here
int main(){
	getup();
	register int flow,size,i,xb,yb;
	int speed,restart=1,tmp,xpos[100],ypos[100],scr;
	srand(time(NULL));
	while(true){
		if(restart){
			status("Playing",10);
			for(int k=1;k<75;k+=2)
				for(int j=0;j<17;j++){
					gotoxy(k+3,j+2);
					printf(" ");
				}
			size=5;
			speed=200;
			scr=0;
			score(scr);
			flow=RIGHT;
			xpos[0]=20;
			for(i=0;i<size;i++){
				xpos[i]=xpos[0]-i*2;
				ypos[i]=10;
			}
			for(i=0;i<size;i++){
				gotoxy(xpos[i],ypos[i]);
				printf("*");
			}
			for(tmp=1;true;){
				do{
					xb=rand()%75+3;
				}while(xb%2!=0);
				yb=rand()%17+2;
				for(i=0;i<size;i++)
					if(xb==xpos[i] && yb==ypos[i]){
						tmp=0; break;
					}
				if(tmp)
					break;
			}
			gotoxy(xb,yb);
			textcolor("lightred");
			printf("#");
			textcolor(7);
			restart=0;
		}
		while(!kbhit() && !restart)	{
			if(xpos[0]==xb && ypos[0]==yb){
				for(tmp=1;true;){
					do{
						xb=rand()%75+3;
					}while(xb%2!=0);
					yb=rand()%17+2;
					for(i=0;i<size;i++)
						if(xb==xpos[i] && yb==ypos[i]){
							tmp=0; break;
						}
					if(tmp)
						break;
				}
				gotoxy(xb,yb);
				textcolor("lightred");
				printf("#");
				textcolor(7);
				size++;
				scr++;
				speed-=3;
				score(scr);
			}
			gotoxy(xpos[size-1],ypos[size-1]);
			for(i=size-1;i>0;i--){
				xpos[i]=xpos[i-1];
				ypos[i]=ypos[i-1];
			}
			switch(flow){
				case RIGHT :xpos[i]+=2; break;
				case LEFT :	xpos[i]-=2; break;
				case UP :	ypos[i]-=1; break;
				case DOWN :	ypos[i]+=1;
			}
			tmp=1;
			for(i=1;i<size;i++)
				if(xpos[i]==xpos[0] && ypos[i]==ypos[0]){
					tmp=0;
					break;
				}
			if(xpos[0]>76 || xpos[0]<4 || ypos[0]<2 ||ypos[0]>18)
				tmp=0;
			if(tmp){
				printf(" ");
				gotoxy(xpos[0],ypos[0]);
				printf("O");
				gotoxy(xpos[1],ypos[1]);
				printf("*");
			}
			else{
				textcolor("LIGHTRED");
				printf("*");
				gotoxy(xpos[1],ypos[1]);
				printf("O");
				for(i=2;i<size;i++){
					gotoxy(xpos[i],ypos[i]);
					printf("*");
				}
				textcolor(7);
				status("GameOver",12);
				restart=1;
				getch();
			}
			//delay(speed);
			Sleep(speed);
		}
		char ch=getch();
		switch(tolower(ch)){
			case 'x' : 	system("cls");
						return 0;
			case ' ' : status("Paused");
						while(true){
							char z=getch();
							if(z=='x')
								return 0;
							if(z==' ')
								break;
						}
						status("Playing",10);
						break;
			case -32: {
				char chh=getch();
				if(chh==72 && flow!=DOWN)
					flow=UP;
				else if(chh==80 && flow!=UP)
					flow=DOWN;
				else if(chh==75 && flow!=RIGHT)
					flow=LEFT;
				else if(chh==77 && flow!=LEFT)
					flow=RIGHT;
				break;
			}
		}
	}
}

Output for Snake Game in C++

Image Output:

output

Video Output:

Conclusion

We have successfully developed a simple Snake Game in C++. As it is a console application this is easy to understand and work with. I hope this was helpful, you should try to change the code here and there to understand how the program is working.

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Author: Ayush Purawr